Category Archives: Fraud

SIU, NICB, and Frye

We’ve seen that SIU files and investigations are discoverable.  A more intresting question arises when an investigator take the stand, and speaks to a jury about “indicators of fraud1.”  Normally, the investigator will testify that the facts had five or six of the indicators of fraud, or something similar.  And normally, those indicators are:

1.  Policy purchased near the accident date

2. Older car

3. Accident was in the evening

4. Not a high speed collission

5. Injured/Parties didn’t do what the insurance company told them to (failure to cooperate)

6. Material Misrepresentations (Passenger #1 said they were heading to McDonalds. Passenger #2 said they were heading to Burger King)

7.  Everyone in the car wasn’t related

8. Link charts (sometimes color coded)

The investigator may testify as to a host of other criteria that, in the insurance company’s opinion, indicates that the accident was staged.  He or she will give a formula or system that outlines this in support of the testimony.  In other words, the investigator will attempt to pass this off as reliable or scientific in nature.  With that in mind, should the foundation of the testimony be subject to a Frye inquiry?  Do any of the above factors indicate fraud anymore than other random sets of facts?  Or is it just profiling?

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1.  These indicators can come from the insurance company or an organization such as the NICB (National Insurance Crime Bureau).  Despite it’s name, the NICB is not a government agency; it is supported by insurance companies.  Before you start thinking I’m crazy, remember, the NICB went out of its way to state that it is a private entity, not subject to regulation by the insurance department and that they do not have to hire licensed investigators.  Insurance Companies, however, do have to hire licensed investigators.  Based on my reading of their motions, they don’t.  Yes, I know the Supreme Court bounced the Article 78.

Catching Up

I’ve been under the weather for the past week.  According to my wife, I wasn’t sick enough.  According to some people at the office, I had a bad case of the whine flu.  According to me, I felt like I was going to vomit and pass out.

So I didn’t post.  I barely looked at the cases that were coming out.  It’s time to catch up.

No-Fault Defender posted on two important issues.  First, the Appellate Division granted leave to appeal the Appellate Term’s decision in Andrew Carothers, M.D., P.C. v GEICO Indem. Co., 24 Misc 3d 19 (App. Term, 2nd 2009).  The decision dates are different, but it’s the same case.  I took a trip over to the Appellate Division to confirm.  The Pine Hollow decision was stapled to the order granting leave1.  Some might find that interesting.  You can read No-Fault Defender’s post HERE.  He believes, and I agree, that this may be the end of Dan Med–a decision that never made sense.  The other post asked the question, Must a carrier demonstrate that a deponent willfully failed to attend EUO’s in order to substantiate this defense?  It begins with the recent Progressive Northeastern Ins. Co. v Arguelles Med. P.C., decision where the Supreme Court found that defendant failed to prove that the EUO was reasonably required, among other things.  He concludes that “In order to oppose an EUO no-show defense, the burden is on the Plaintiff to demonstrate a lack of reasonableness.”  While he poo poos the willful and avowed standard, I believe that it remains appropriate, even for condition precedent issues.  And there is always the Insurance Department opinion letter.

My favorite part of his post is where he directs his readers to my post–the one that only has the case cite and link–for my insight.  Thanks.  This is not the place to go for insight; however, if what you are looking for is stick figure drawings of people sticking their ass in other people’s faces on the subway, this is your place.

In other news2:

Med-Tech Prods., Inc. v Geico Ins. Co., 2009 NY Slip Op 52111(U) (App. Term, 2nd 2009)

Contrary to defendant’s contention, the affidavits of plaintiff’s president, who was also plaintiff’s custodian of records, were sufficient to establish that the documents annexed to plaintiff’s motion papers constituted evidence in admissible form pursuant to CPLR 4518 (see Art of Healing Medicine, P.C. v Travelers Home & Mar. Ins. Co., 55 AD3d 644 [2008]; Dan Med., P.C. v New York Cent. Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 14 Misc 3d 44 [App Term, 2d & 11th Jud Dists 2006]). As defendant concedes, any deficiency in plaintiff’s moving papers regarding proof of mailing of the claim forms was cured by defendant’s claim denial forms acknowledging receipt of the claim forms (see Oleg Barshay, D.C., P.C. v State Farm Ins. Co., 14 Misc 3d 74 [App Term, 2d & 11th Jud Dists 2006]). Accordingly, plaintiff made a prima facie showing of its entitlement to summary judgment by proof that it submitted the statutory claim forms, setting forth the fact and the amount of the loss sustained, and that payment of no-fault benefits was overdue (see Insurance Law § 5106 [a]; Mary Immaculate Hosp. v Allstate Ins. Co., 5 AD3d 742 [2004]).

In opposition to plaintiff’s motion, defendant established that it had timely denied the claims in question based upon affirmed peer review reports setting forth a factual basis and medical rationale for the doctor’s opinion that the supplies provided to plaintiff’s assignors were [*2]not medically necessary (see New York Univ. Hosp. Rusk Inst. v Government Empls. Ins. Co., 39 AD3d 832 [2007]; Quality Health Prods., P.C. v Progressive Ins. Co., 20 Misc 3d 143[A], 2008 NY Slip Op 51757[U] [App Term, 2d & 11th Jud Dists 2008]). As a result, defendant proffered sufficient evidence in admissible form to demonstrate the existence of a triable issue of fact as to medical necessity (see Velen Med. Supply, Inc. v GEICO Ins. Co., 23 Misc 3d 132[A], 2009 NY Slip Op 50735[U] [App Term, 2d, 11th & 13th Jud Dists 2009]).

Plaintiff’s contention that the peer review reports did not constitute evidence in admissible form was waived since said argument is raised for the first time on appeal (see Dowling v Mosey, 32 AD3d 1190 [2006]; Velen Med. Supply, Inc., 23 Misc 3d 132[A], 2009 NY Slip Op 50735[U]; Alur Med. Supply, Inc. v Geico Ins. Co., 20 Misc 3d 145[A], 2008 NY Slip Op 51867[U] [App Term, 2d & 11th Jud Dists 2008]).

Right Aid Diagnostic Medicine, P.C. v Geico Ins. Co., 2009 NY Slip Op 52122(U) (App. Term, 2nd 2009)

On appeal, defendant’s sole contention with respect to plaintiff’s prima facie case is that the affidavit of plaintiff’s billing manager failed to establish that the documents annexed to plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment were admissible as business records. We disagree because the affidavit was sufficient to comply with CPLR 4518 (see Art of Healing Medicine, P.C. v Travelers Home & Mar. Ins. Co., 55 AD3d 644 [2008]; Dan Med., P.C. v New York Cent. Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 14 Misc 3d 44 [App Term, 2d & 11th Jud Dists 2006]). As a result, the burden shifted to defendant to demonstrate the existence of a triable issue of fact (Zuckerman v City of New York, 49 NY2d 557 [1980]).

Fatiha Ibrahim, D.C. v MVAIC, 2009 NY Slip Op 52125(U) (App. Term, 2nd, 2009)

The Civil Court denied MVAIC’s motion, holding that “MVAIC did not conform to the verification request protocol mandated by the Insurance Regulations of New York.”

Where, as here, plaintiff and his assignor are aware of the identity of the owner of the vehicle which plaintiff’s assignor was driving at the time of the accident, plaintiff, as assignee, is required to exhaust its remedies against the vehicle’s owner before seeking relief from MVAIC (Hauswirth v American Home Assur. Co., 244 AD2d 528 [1997]; Complete Med. Servs. of NY, P.C. v MVAIC, 20 Misc 3d 137[A], 2008 NY Slip Op 51541[U] [App Term, 2d & 11th Jud Dists 2008]). However, under the facts of this case, MVAIC’s motion for summary judgment was properly denied since the motion papers contained what appeared to be only the last page of an affidavit executed by MVAIC’s claims examiner, which did not establish, by one with personal knowledge of the facts, plaintiff’s failure to exhaust his remedies against the vehicle’s owner (see Zuckerman v City of New York, 49 NY2d 557 [1980]). Accordingly, defendant did not demonstrate a prima facie entitlement to summary judgment and, thus, the order is affirmed.

Nationwide Mut. Fire Ins. Co. v Aquiles, 2009 NY Slip Op 32432(U) (Sup Ct, Nassau County, 2009)

In news unrelated to no-fault, everyone should take a moment to check out John M. Hochfelder’s blog, New York Injury Cases Blog.  His posts have pictures.  PICTURES!  And the man can write.  If there are a thousand personal injury blogs, only a handful are worth reading.  His is one of them.

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1.  I also read the briefs.  One of them was full of ad hominemA arguments and hyperbole.

2. Some believe that the Appellate Term invented the Dan Med rule to cut down on no-fault litigation, or at the very least, make the cases speed along in the Courts.  If so, the decision has had a contrary effect.  Not only has it clogged the Courts, it caused countless appeals.  Good Stuff.

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A.  That’s right, a footnote to the footnote.  I just did that.  If you are interested, Logic for Lawyers, comes highly recommended.  It isn’t cheap, which is why I haven’t read it yet, but based on the recommendation (and the author), I think it’s worth picking up.

A Default Denied

I’m pretty sure I’m recycling even my non-obvious titles.

Lincoln Gen. Ins. Co. v Alev Med. Supply Inc, 2009 NY Slip Op 29389 (Dist Ct Nassau County, First Dist)

Lincoln commenced this action seeking to recover the money it paid to Alev on the claim.

Alev has defaulted in the action. Lincoln now moves for leave to enter a default judgment.

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Lincoln could have denied the claim on the grounds it was fraudulent. Fair Price Medical Supply Corp. v. Travelers Indemnity Co., supra . Lincoln did not. It paid the claim in part and denied the claim in part

***

Permitting Lincoln to recover in this action would allow an insurer to avoid or evade the time restrictions of the no fault law and regulations by paying and then investigating a claim and suing to recover the previously paid benefits if the investigation reveals the claim was fraudulent. To permit this would subvert the entire no-fault system which establishes strict time limits by which an insurer must process, dispute and pay a claim.

The no-fault law and regulations require insurers to promptly investigate and pay claims. The regulations provide insurers with the verification process in order to obtain additional information designed to ferret out illegitimate or fraudulent claims.

While the 30 day period plus any applicable tolls for paying or denying a claim may be “…too short of a time frame in which to detect billing fraud, any change is up to the Legislature.” Fair Price Medical Supply Corp. v. Travelers Indemnity Co., supra at 565.

All bases that an in insurer has for denying a no fault claim, except for specific and limited exceptions, must be raised in a timely denial.[FN2] The only way an insurer can avoid paying a fraudulent no fault claim is to deny the claim as fraudulent in a timely denial and to assert and prove the defense at trial. Id.; and Lenox Hill Radiology and MIA, P.C. v. Global Liberty Ins. Co. of New York, 24 Misc 3d 1225(A) (NY Civil Ct. 2009).

One of the elements of an application for leave to enter a default judgment is proof a cause of action against the defendant.. Francisco v. Soto, 286 AD2d 573 (1st Dept. 2001); and Joosten v. Gale, 129 AD2d 531 (1st Dept. 1987); and Siegel, New York Practice 4th §295. Lincoln complaint fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted.

Nothing in this decision precludes Lincoln from reporting this apparent insurance fraud (Penal Law Article 176) to the appropriate law enforcement authorities or from obtaining restitution should Alev be prosecuted and found guilty of insurance fraud in connection with this claim. Penal Law §60.27.

For the foregoing reasons, plaintiff’s motion for leave to enter a default judgment is denied. The action is dismissed.

This decision follows the reasoning in Cornell Med., P.C. v Mercury Cas. Co., 2009 NY Slip Op 29228 (App. Term, 2nd), though the Court does not cite the decision.

Roy Mura, over at CoverageCounsel, believes that the outcome should have been different.

Material Misrepresentation

Barkan v New York Schools Ins. Reciprocal, 2009 NY Slip Op 06494 (App. Div., 2nd, 2009)

Contrary to NYSIR’s contentions, NYSIR failed to demonstrate its entitlement to summary judgment based on a material misrepresentation in the renewal applications for the insurance policies (see generally Winegrad v New York Univ. Med. Ctr., 64 NY2d at 853; see Carpinone v Mutual of Omaha Ins. Co., 265 AD2d 752). “[T]o establish its right to rescind an insurance policy, an insurer must demonstrate that the insured made a material misrepresentation. A misrepresentation is material if the insurer would not have issued the policy had it known the facts misrepresented’ (Zilkha v Mutual Life Ins. Co. of N.Y., 287 AD2d 713, 714; see Insurance Law § 3105[b]). Material misrepresentations, if proven, would void the insurance policy ab initio (see Taradena v Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co., 239 AD2d 876). However, whether a misrepresentation is material is generally a question of fact for the jury (see Parmar v Hermitage Ins. Co., 21 AD3d 538, 540; see also Process Plants Corp. v Beneficial Natl. Life Ins. Co., 53 AD2d 214, 216, affd 42 NY2d 928). To establish materiality as a matter of law, the insurer must present documentation concerning its underwriting practices, such as underwriting manuals, bulletins, or rules pertaining to similar risks, which show that it would not have issued the same policy if the correct information had been disclosed in the application (see Insurance Law § 3105[c]; Parmar v Hermitage Ins. Co., 21 AD3d at 540-541; Curanovic v New York Cent. Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 307 AD2d 435, 437; Tuminelli v First Unum Life Ins. Co., 232 AD2d 547). Conclusory statements by insurance company employees, unsupported by documentary evidence, are insufficient to establish materiality as a matter of law (see Parmar v Hermitage Ins. Co., 21 AD3d 538). Having failed to offer any of the aforementioned documents, NYSIR has failed to meet its evidentiary burden.

Compare with AA Acupuncture Serv., P.C. v Safeco Ins. Co. of Am., 2009 NY Slip Op 29311 (App. Term, 1st, 2009) and another case from the Appellate Term, Second Department that I can’t seem to find.