Beal-Medea Prods., Inc. v GEICO Gen. Ins. Co., 2010 NY Slip Op 50800(U) (Civ Ct City NY, Kings County)
It’s a peer review case. More specifically, a re-peer case. The only things stipulated to in this case was that the bills were timely mailed and the claims timely denied.
Applying this standard to the case at hand, the Court will permit the substitute peer doctor to testify and limit his testimony to the basis for denial as set forth in the original peer review. Plaintiff objected to Dr. Jacob’s testimony based upon hearsay grounds. The Court of Appeals has [*4]held that an expert witness may testify that he or she relied upon specific, inadmissible out-of-court material to formulate an opinion provided: (1) it is of a kind accepted in the profession as reliable as a basis in forming a professional opinion and (2) there is evidence presented establishing the reliability of the out-of-court material referred to by the witness. See Wagman. Dr. Jacobs testified that the out-of-court documents he relied upon were professionally reliable, however he did not present evidence establishing the reliability of the out-of-court material. Therefore, Defendant failed to demonstrate either that the testimony did not rely on out-of-court documents for the truth of the matters stated herein, or that the documents were being relied upon for their truth but fell within an exception to the rule against hearsay. See Progressive Med., Inc. v Allstate Ins. Co., 2010 NY Slip Op 50219U (NY App. Term 2010). Accordingly, Dr. Jacobs’ testimony is stricken and the Court finds that Defendant did not establish a factual basis and medical rationale for its asserted lack of medical necessity.
The Court agrees that a substitute peer doctor’s testimony must be limited to the rationale in the original peer. Most everyone agrees. Assuming, for the sake of argument, that the court was correct in allowing the substitute doctor to testify about other doctors records without any foundation as to where they came from1, e.g., how the documents made their way to the substitute doctor, how the doctor knows that they were not altered, etc., for the Court to be able to make the determination that the substitute is testifying within the confines of the original peer review, the original peer review must be in evidence. The professional reliability exception does not cover peer reviews. If the Court cannot determine whether the substitute id testifying within the four corners of the original peer review, the defendant cannot meet it’s burden.
No fault is a creature unto itself. Defenses, and testimony are limited by it’s peculiarities, which makes sense. The professional reliability exception doesn’t quite fit when the experts testimony is necessarily limited. And in any event, the issue shouldn’t be what the substitute thinks of the records, it’s what the original peer thought that matters.
head over to JT’s blog for a different take.
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1. In most cases, medical records will come from a provider to the insurer (but not always the billing provider initially); then they go to a third party (Crosslands, Ace, Ect), then to the peer review doctor, who in turn sends the peer back to the third party (sometimes it’s dictated and sent electronically to the third party, who then puts the doctors signature on it), and the third party sends the peer back to the insurer. When a substitute testifies, the insurance company or the third party send the peer to the substitute to review, along with medical records, which may or may not be the ones that were originally sent to the insurer. Short story, the medical records change many hands many times. By the time the peer and the records get to court, there is no telling what has happened to them or the peer review.
Courts have a tendency to put a burden on plaintiff to establish the records aren’t reliable, which makes no sense.